OIDC Discovery URL Changed in Entra ID

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OIDC Discovery URL Changed in Entra ID

Detects a change to the OpenID Connect (OIDC) discovery URL in the Entra ID Authentication Methods Policy. This behavior may indicate an attempt to federate Entra ID with an attacker-controlled identity provider, enabling bypass of multi-factor authentication (MFA) and unauthorized access through bring-your-own IdP (BYOIDP) methods.

Rule type: esql

Rule indices: None

Severity: high

Risk score: 73

Runs every: 5m

Searches indices from: now-9m (Date Math format, see also Additional look-back time)

Maximum alerts per execution: 100

References:

https://dirkjanm.io/persisting-with-federated-credentials-entra-apps-managed-identities/

Tags:

Domain: Cloud
Domain: Identity
Data Source: Azure
Data Source: Microsoft Entra ID
Data Source: Microsoft Entra ID Audit Logs
Use Case: Identity and Access Audit
Tactic: Persistence
Resources: Investigation Guide

Version: 2

Rule authors:

Elastic

Rule license: Elastic License v2

Investigation guide

edit

Triage and analysis

Investigating OIDC Discovery URL Changed in Entra ID

This rule detects when the OIDC discoveryUrl is changed within the Entra ID Authentication Methods policy. Adversaries may leverage this to federate Entra ID with a rogue Identity Provider (IdP) under their control, allowing them to authenticate users with attacker-owned credentials and bypass MFA. This misconfiguration allows an attacker to impersonate valid users by issuing tokens via a third-party OIDC IdP while still passing validation in Entra ID. This technique has been publicly demonstrated and has critical implications for trust in federated identity.

Possible investigation steps

Review azure.auditlogs.properties.initiated_by.user.userPrincipalName and ipAddress to identify who made the change and from where.
Examine the old_oidc_discovery and new_oidc_discovery to confirm if the new discoveryUrl points to an unexpected or untrusted IdP.
Check that the discovery URLs have .well-known/openid-configuration endpoints, which are standard for OIDC providers.
Use azure.auditlogs.properties.correlation_id to pivot to related changes and activity from the same session.
Review any subsequent sign-in activity that may have originated from the new IdP.
Pivot to additional logs associated with the user or application that made the change to identify any further suspicious activity.

False positive analysis

Entra ID administrators may intentionally reconfigure OIDC trust relationships to support new business requirements.
Validate any changes with the identity or security operations team before taking action.

Response and remediation

If the change is unauthorized, immediately revert the discovery URL to the trusted IdP via the Entra ID portal.
Revoke tokens or sessions issued after the configuration change.
Investigate how the unauthorized change occurred (e.g., compromised account or over-privileged app).
Apply conditional access policies and change control procedures to protect IdP configuration changes.

Rule query

edit

FROM logs-azure.auditlogs-* metadata _id, _version, _index
| WHERE event.action == "Authentication Methods Policy Update"
| EVAL Esql.azure.auditlogs.properties.target_resources.modified_properties.new_value.replace = REPLACE(`azure.auditlogs.properties.target_resources.0.modified_properties.0.new_value`, "\\\\", "")
| EVAL Esql.azure.auditlogs.properties.target_resources.modified_properties.old_value.replace = REPLACE(`azure.auditlogs.properties.target_resources.0.modified_properties.0.old_value`, "\\\\", "")
| DISSECT Esql.azure.auditlogs.properties.target_resources.modified_properties.new_value.replace "%{}discoveryUrl\":\"%{Esql.azure.auditlogs.properties.auth.oidc.discovery.url.new}\"}%{}"
| DISSECT Esql.azure.auditlogs.properties.target_resources.modified_properties.old_value.replace "%{}discoveryUrl\":\"%{Esql.azure.auditlogs.properties.auth.oidc.discovery.url.old}\"}%{}"
| WHERE Esql.azure.auditlogs.properties.auth.oidc.discovery.url.new IS NOT NULL and Esql.azure.auditlogs.properties.auth.oidc.discovery.url.old IS NOT NULL
| WHERE Esql.azure.auditlogs.properties.auth.oidc.discovery.url.new != Esql.azure.auditlogs.properties.auth.oidc.discovery.url.old
| KEEP
    @timestamp,
    event.action,
    event.outcome,
    azure.tenant_id,
    azure.correlation_id,
    azure.auditlogs.properties.activity_datetime,
    azure.auditlogs.properties.operation_type,
    azure.auditlogs.properties.initiated_by.user.userPrincipalName,
    azure.auditlogs.properties.initiated_by.user.displayName,
    azure.auditlogs.properties.initiated_by.user.ipAddress,
    source.geo.city_name,
    source.geo.region_name,
    source.geo.country_name,
    Esql.azure.auditlogs.properties.auth.oidc.discovery.url.new,
    Esql.azure.auditlogs.properties.auth.oidc.discovery.url.old

Framework: MITRE ATT&CK^TM

Tactic:
- Name: Persistence
- ID: TA0003
- Reference URL: https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003/
Technique:
- Name: Modify Authentication Process
- ID: T1556
- Reference URL: https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/
Sub-technique:
- Name: Conditional Access Policies
- ID: T1556.009
- Reference URL: https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/009/

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