OpenAI ChatGPT Enterprise User Activity From High Number of Countries

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OpenAI ChatGPT Enterprise User Activity From High Number of Countries

Detects ChatGPT Enterprise activity for the same user email from at least three countries and two unique user agents within a four-hour interval across any compliance data stream. Stolen session cookies often produce post-auth activity (conversation views, deletions, downloads) without a new login event, so this rule is not limited to authentication logs.

Rule type: esql

Rule indices: None

Severity: critical

Risk score: 99

Runs every: 5m

Searches indices from: now-4h (Date Math format, see also Additional look-back time)

Maximum alerts per execution: 100

References:

Tags:

Domain: GenAI
Platform: OpenAI
Data Source: OpenAI ChatGPT Enterprise
Service: OpenAI ChatGPT Enterprise
Use Case: Threat Detection
Resources: Investigation Guide
Rule Type: ES|QL
Domain: Identity
Use Case: Identity and Access Audit
Tactic: Credential Access
Tactic: Initial Access
Mitre Atlas: AML.T0012
Threat: Impossible Travel

Version: 1

Rule authors:

Elastic

Rule license: Elastic License v2

Investigation guide

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Triage and analysis

Investigating OpenAI ChatGPT Enterprise User Activity From High Number of Countries

Activity for the same email spans multiple countries and user agents in a short window across ChatGPT Enterprise compliance streams. That pattern can indicate session reuse, token abuse, or shared-account access through distant egress points, including cases where no new authentication event is logged.

Escalate when countries and user agents diverge sharply, the user denies travel or VPN use, or privileged actions appear on distant IPs. Close as a false positive for documented dual-homed VPN or cloud egress with consistent corporate clients.

Possible investigation steps

Review Esql.source_geo_country_iso_code_values, Esql.source_geo_region_name_values, and Esql.user_agent_original_values.
Compare source IPs and timestamps (Esql.timestamp_first_seen, Esql.timestamp_last_seen) for physical travel feasibility.
Check for privileged audit actions, downloads, or shares from the distant IPs.
Contact the user only after geo and user-agent triage to confirm expected VPN or travel.

False positive analysis

Split-tunnel, dual-homed, or VPN egress that geo-resolves through multiple regions is the most common false positive. Corroborate with ASN and user-agent consistency before escalating.

Response and remediation

On suspected compromise: force logout, revoke sessions, reset credentials and MFA, and review role changes or exports for the same email after the distant activity.

Setup

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Setup

This rule requires the OpenAI ChatGPT Enterprise integration to collect compliance logs into Elasticsearch.

https://www.elastic.co/docs/reference/integrations/openai_chatgpt_enterprise

Rule query

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from logs-openai_chatgpt_enterprise.*
| where
    user.email is not null and
    source.ip is not null and
    source.geo.country_iso_code is not null
| stats
    Esql.country_count = count_distinct(source.geo.country_iso_code),
    Esql.region_count = count_distinct(source.geo.region_name),
    Esql.source_ip_count = count_distinct(source.ip),
    Esql.user_agent_count = count_distinct(user_agent.original),
    Esql.event_count = count(*),
    Esql.event_action_values = values(event.action),
    Esql.source_ip_values = values(source.ip),
    Esql.source_geo_country_iso_code_values = values(source.geo.country_iso_code),
    Esql.source_geo_region_name_values = values(source.geo.region_name),
    Esql.source_geo_city_name_values = values(source.geo.city_name),
    Esql.user_agent_original_values = values(user_agent.original),
    Esql.timestamp_first_seen = min(@timestamp),
    Esql.timestamp_last_seen = max(@timestamp)
  by user.email
| where Esql.country_count >= 3 and Esql.user_agent_count >= 2
| keep user.email, Esql.*

Framework: MITRE ATT&CK^TM

Tactic:
- Name: Credential Access
- ID: TA0006
- Reference URL: https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006/
Technique:
- Name: Steal Web Session Cookie
- ID: T1539
- Reference URL: https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539/
Tactic:
- Name: Initial Access
- ID: TA0001
- Reference URL: https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001/
Technique:
- Name: Valid Accounts
- ID: T1078
- Reference URL: https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/
Sub-technique:
- Name: Cloud Accounts
- ID: T1078.004
- Reference URL: https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004/

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